India has rapidly expanded its solar capacity (91 GW by late 2024) through initiatives like the National Solar Mission. This now makes up about 46% of the country’s renewable generation. To reach the 2030 target of 280 GW of solar, continued R&D is needed in next-generation PV materials (e.g. perovskite cells), manufacturing innovations, recycling and grid integration. Large-scale solar parks and rooftop programs (e.g. the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana) are already boosting deployment. Wind energy is also a priority: the government targets 100 GW by 2030, and India’s wind capacity could more than double to 107 GW by then. Innovations such as larger turbines, offshore wind development and domestic component manufacturing will help meet these goals. ESOI supports this effort by convening solar and renewables research, advising on policy, and aligning with Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat objectives to build a strong local clean-energy industry.