ESOI functions as a national knowledge institution that strengthens decision-making through credible research, structured analysis, and practical policy advice. It publishes technical journals, issue briefs, and a flagship white-paper series to track emerging technology pathways, market design, standards evolution, and implementation bottlenecks across India’s energy system. Publications are designed to be implementation-oriented, linking targets to pathways, identifying risks and dependencies, and outlining actions for institutions, investors, and operators.

ESOI also serves an advisory role to government departments, regulators, and public institutions by preparing objective analyses when consulted, including grid readiness studies, technology roadmaps, transition-fuel strategies, storage integration frameworks, and sectoral decarbonisation plans. Expert committees and task forces, covering areas such as hydrogen strategy, grid codes, nuclear safety and governance, LNG infrastructure, and efficiency standards, review draft policies and regulations and provide evidence-based recommendations.

To strengthen institutional learning, ESOI maintains a curated repository of global best practices and policy models. This enables India to benchmark against international experience while tailoring solutions to national priorities, including Viksit Bharat@2047, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Digital India, and Make in India.